tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43524655462258641622024-03-04T20:31:38.725-08:00Ceqli BlogThe auxilary language Ceqli, also known as a conlang or auxlang. Like Esperanto, it aims to be a general second language for everybody to learn and communicate. It has grammar features and vocabulary from many languagesBaloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.comBlogger55125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-3427921974128813302017-06-09T17:03:00.001-07:002017-06-09T19:59:10.909-07:00Ancestors of Tceqli — Loglan<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Actually, to one extent or another, just about all languages that I know much about can be considered ancestral to Tceqli, especially other artificial languages. Its most direct ancestor is, of course<a href="http://www.loglan.org/" target="_blank"> Loglan [link]</a>, and Tceqli actually started off as my attempt to reform and "humanize" Loglan. The best way to learn about Loglan is to clich here for <cite><a href="http://www.loglan.org/Loglan3Download.html">Loglan 3</a><span style="background-color: white;">.</span><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"> </span></cite>Thought I don't think anything I did made it into the language, I did some work on Loglan twenty-odd years back. The most worthwhile thing I did was graphic work, like the cartoon below.) In trying to reform Loglan, I did away with the (I thought) unhelpful way they had of creating vocabulary by piecing together letters (or phonemes) from the eight largest languages, thus:<br />
<b>madzo</b>,<br />
<em class="origin" style="color: green;">mad maz mao </em><em class="origin" style="color: green;"><3/3C dzo; 2/3E made; 2/3G mach en</em><br />
<em class="origin" style="color: green;"><br /></em>
That is, the word madzo, meaning "make" is made up of 3/3 of the Mandarin dzo, 2/3 of English made, and 2/3 of German mach(en). And that's actually not so difficult for English speakers, as it does suggest "make" from its form. But a word like <b>tcali</b>,<br />
<em class="origin" style="color: green;">cal </em><em class="origin" style="color: green;"><2/3E wall; 2/3G wall; 3/5C chiang </em>Meaning "wall," is pretty opaque to speakers of all three source languages.<br />
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And also, look back up at madzo, and the entry right after it shows the three "combining" forms, which are to be used in compound words. I think this amounts to memorizing three more words.</div>
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Tceqi doesn't do any of this. It just "finds" vocabulary in other languages that fit its word-shape rule, nCnN — one or more consonants followed by one or more non-consonants. And that word is the word itself and also the only "combining form."<br />
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For example, the Loglan is:<br />
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<b>gudmao</b> - to improve. From <b>gudbi</b> plus <b>madzo</b>. "make good". <b>Gudbi </b>has the combining forms gud and gub, while madzo of course has mad, maz, and mao.<br />
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But the Tceqli is <b>bonkaw</b>, from <b>bon</b> = good and <b>kaw</b>= cause. these words are both words and combining forms.<br />
<br />
And the alphabet, as it stands, is almost exactly the same as the Loglan alphabet, at least in the form it had a few years back.<br />
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Another point I should make here is that Loglan can be pretty rigid, with no grammatical ambiguity allowed. Virtually every other language, natural and artificial, does allow ambiguity. And Tceqli has, or will have when everybody'd diddling with it, two basic forms or "registers," the "terse" or "ambiguous" form, and the "unambiguous" form, which usually requires more words. For example,<br />
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<b>To blu fawl pa kom to pan.</b> The blue bird ate the bread. (terse)<br />
<b>To blu sa fawl pa kom to pan.</b> (unambiguous)<br />
<br />
The first one <i>could</i> be read as <b>to blufawl...</b><br />
which would mean "the bluebird..." The "sa" keeps the two words from forming a compound word. But in spoken Tceqli you can usually disinguish the difference, and in written Tceqli, the space between does the job.<br />
<br />
Someday, a Loglan expert will help me make unambiguous Tceqli, well, unambiguous.</div>
Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-49163552999725535952017-05-20T14:01:00.001-07:002017-05-25T23:04:18.035-07:00Keeping the semivowels Y and W<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4D2fzNgkeL66pHeJjfwPPYsa068mTk5gQ5BMC7vKqcZ1LtOxMWGR5-zrzR7a0NQyepMaIeC-Mo4f_NIU3LiJZxW9b3BGqyesqnKS64pcUIzest9rq2-7EIzXnQxOCOyJX_QreoRwqQXv6/s1600/joshiraku_dancing_gif_by_mxden-d59h7k1.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4D2fzNgkeL66pHeJjfwPPYsa068mTk5gQ5BMC7vKqcZ1LtOxMWGR5-zrzR7a0NQyepMaIeC-Mo4f_NIU3LiJZxW9b3BGqyesqnKS64pcUIzest9rq2-7EIzXnQxOCOyJX_QreoRwqQXv6/s1600/joshiraku_dancing_gif_by_mxden-d59h7k1.gif" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: left;"> A-ko E-ko I-ko O-ko U-ko </td></tr>
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I'm now inclined to think that I should keep y and w as the semivowel equivalents of i and u. For one thing, it's often difficult to determine pronunciation when i and u are used for both. How do you pronounce this?:<br />
<br />
uia<br />
<br />
OO-yah or WEE-ah?<br />
<br />
So if:<br />
<br />
y=/j/<br />
w=/w/<br />
q=/N/<br />
c=/S/<br />
j=/Z/<br />
<br />
that only leaves x to assign a value to. Should it be a modifier of other characters, as it has been in the past, or should it stand for schwa. I think I should keep it as a modifier, and find something else for schwa. Lojban of course uses y for schwa.<br />
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I do want letter name for all but the vowel be the letter plus schwa sound, as I believe is the case in Lojban.<br />
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Any thoughts on using an apostrophe for it?<br />
********<br />
Late-breaking news. I just remembered that <i><a href="http://jfcarter.net/~jimc/guaspi/acmpaper.html" target="_blank">Gua\spi [link]</a> uses </i># for schwa. If I did the same, I'd still have X as a modifier for other letters. Thoughts?Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-40993929634501828372017-05-18T13:52:00.000-07:002017-05-19T06:17:16.691-07:00Tradeoffs<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Getting the alphabet straight is frustrating. It's a matter of tradeoffs;<br />
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For now, I've decided not to use w and y (or j) for the semivowel versions of u and i, but just to use u and i, specifying that they become their semivowel equivalents when next to another vowel. That keeps two letters from going to waste. And I proposed keeping diphthongs from forming by putting a hyphen between the letters. But I could use the Loglan comma instead, as Steve Rice wrote:<br />
<br />
<i>If you want to break a diphthong into two separate sounds, put a comma without spaces around it between the vowels when writing them in text. The name 'Lois', for example, would be written Lo,is in Loglan (Without this comma the oi in Lois would be pronounced oy and the name would rhyme with 'Joyce'.).</i><br />
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So it would work the same way in Tceqli.<br />
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pai = PIE<br />
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pa,i = PAH-ee<br />
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kau = COW<br />
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ka,u = KAH-oo<br />
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I think I like that better than the hyphen.<br />
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<br />
So that keeps j from being used up that way, and permits it to represent /Z/.<br />
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And q can continue to represent /N/.<br />
<br />
So with these "changes" (some are just reversions to earlier ideas of Tceqli or Loglan) we have:<br />
from h<i><a href="ttp://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455985/The%20Alphabet%20and%20Sounds#view=edit">ttp://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455985/The%20Alphabet%20and%20Sounds#view=edit</a></i><br />
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PRONUNCIATION OF TCEQLI</h1>
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<em>First, an orthography note. Tceqli can be written in all lower-case letters or all upper-case letters. When writing about Tceqli in English, I use conventional English style capitalization, hence "Tceqli" is capitalized. And you can just follow English usage in capitalization if you like. And I use capital letters to show stress on some occasions in what follows on this page.</em></div>
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The Tceqli language uses the 26 letters of the Roman alphabet. 13 of them are called <strong>cuazim</strong>, or "leading letter" (C) in Tceqli:</div>
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B as in Boy /b/</div>
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C as in SHin /S/</div>
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D as in DuD /d/</div>
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F as in FluFF /f/</div>
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G as in Good /g/</div>
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H as in Hat /h/</div>
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J as in meaSure, French Jean-luc picard, Je /Z/</div>
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K as in KinK /k/</div>
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P as in PiP /p/</div>
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S as in So /s/</div>
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T as in ToT /t/</div>
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V as in Victory /v/</div>
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Z as in Zoo /z/</div>
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X is a special letter used only to form foreign sounds by making digraphs. For example, the English "th" sound in "thin" would be represented in Tceqli by "tx."</div>
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The other 12 are called <strong>falozim</strong>, or "following letters" (N) in Tceqli</div>
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six <strong>vaul</strong>, or "vowels" (V):</div>
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A as in fAther /a/</div>
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E as in bEt* /e/</div>
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I as in machIne /i/</div>
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O as in bOAt /o/</div>
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U as in bOOt /u/</div>
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Y as in bUt, AmericA [schwa] /<span _mce_style="color: #000000; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 115%; background-color: #ffffe6;" style="background-color: #ffffe6; border: 0px; color: black; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 14.949999809265137px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">ə</span>/</div>
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And two <strong>poifaivaul</strong>, "semivowels" (P):</div>
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U as in We, coW /w/</div>
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I as in You, boY /j/</div>
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(they become semivowels when next to other vowels. to prevent that, insert a comma between them.</div>
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fia = FYAH</div>
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fi,a = FEE-ah</div>
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And three <strong>truin</strong>, "nasals," (T)</div>
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M as in MiM /m/</div>
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N as in NooN /n/</div>
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Q as in siNG /N/</div>
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<br /></div>
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And two <strong>hlar</strong>, "laterals" </div>
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L as in LuLL /l/</div>
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R as in RoaR (Midwestern American or Mandarin preferred, but any 'r' sound will do.) /r/</div>
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<br /></div>
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N.B: *E is a short sound, as in English bEt, rEd, lEg. Remember to keep it short at the end of a word like "<strong>bine</strong>" or "<strong>twale</strong>". Do not pronounce it as in English "hooray". That sound is a diphthong and is indicated by "ey." The sound is common in English, but is seldom found as the last phoneme of a word. The word <strong>deybe</strong> is pronounced like English "day bed" without the "d."</div>
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<br /></div>
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Y is rarely written, and the sound is often just an allophone of /a/ in unstressed positions. It's also appended to many letters to give them their names:</div>
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<br /></div>
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"zbano" is spelled zy, by, a, ny, o.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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A few of these are unconventional. Q was chosen to represent the consonant in siNG because it had no other obvious use, and because the NG sound rarely has a symbol in any language. X is used this way in Esperanto, to make digraphs.</div>
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U and I make these diphthongs:</div>
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<br /></div>
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ai - as in frY</div>
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au - as in cow</div>
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ei - as in bAthe</div>
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oi - as in bOY</div>
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ia - as in YArd</div>
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ie- as in YEllow</div>
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io - as in YOre</div>
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iu - as in YOU</div>
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u<span _mce_style="font-size: 13px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">a - as in WAter</span></div>
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ue - as in WEt</div>
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ui - as in WE</div>
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When a comma is interposed, <strong>vawl</strong> are pronounced separately:</div>
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<br /></div>
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be,o - BE-o</div>
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cu,a - XU-a</div>
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Stress: If a <span _mce_style="font-size: 13px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">Tceqli morpheme of more than one syllable ends with a </span><strong _mce_style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;">vaul</strong><span _mce_style="font-size: 13px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> (AEIOU) or </span><strong _mce_style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;">poyfayvawl </strong><span _mce_style="font-size: 13px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">(WY), the stress falls on the next-to-last </span><strong _mce_style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;">vaul</strong><span _mce_style="font-size: 13px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">:</span></div>
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<br /></div>
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dilna - DILna</div>
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pamo - PAmo</div>
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zilau - ZIlau</div>
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somalay - soMAlay</div>
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If such a morpheme has more than three syllables, a secondary stress falls on the fourth-to-last syllable.</div>
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tuiamalu - <em>tu</em>yaMAlu</div>
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kauelomani - ka<em>we</em>loMAni</div>
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If it does not end with a <strong>vawl</strong> or<strong> <strong>poyfayvawl, </strong></strong>it is stressed on the last<strong> vawl:</strong><span _mce_style="font-family: mceinline;" style="border: 0px; font-family: "mceinline"; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></div>
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diyan - diYAN</div>
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cawal - caWAL</div>
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femur - feMUR</div>
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felin - feLIN</div>
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<br /></div>
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And if such a morpheme has three or more syllables, a secondary stress falls on the third-from-last syllable:</div>
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piramun -<em> p</em>iraMUN</div>
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starloremi - star<em>lo</em>reMIN</div>
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Finally, any diphthongs that you find difficult to pronounce may be pronounced as two separate vowels, u for u, and i for i, provided that the morpheme is stressed as though the two vowels are a diphthong!</div>
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Ceilo - CEY-lo or CE-i-lo, NOT Ce-I-lo</div>
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Triphthongs are possible though rare:</div>
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iai as in YIkes!</div>
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uau as in WOW!</div>
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uei as in WAY</div>
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iei as in YAY</div>
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ioi as in YOIks!</div>
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Tceqli morphemes must begin with one or more <strong>tcuazim</strong>. But this is an actual language, so there are times when borrowed names do not. In this case, for the most part, we simply put an 'h' at the beginning if the name begins with a vowel or semivowel:</div>
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English > heqlizo </div>
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Al> halzo</div>
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Obama > hobamazo</div>
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Names beginning with with lmnqr add z:</div>
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Lima > zlimazo</div>
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Russia >zrusizo</div>
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Norman > znormanzo</div>
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The names of letters in Tceqli:</div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>A a</strong></div>
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<strong>E e</strong></div>
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<strong>I i</strong></div>
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<strong>O o</strong></div>
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<strong>U u</strong></div>
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<strong>Y y</strong></div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>L hly</strong></div>
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<strong>M hmy</strong></div>
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<strong>N hny</strong></div>
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<strong>Q hqy</strong></div>
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<strong>R hry</strong><strong _mce_style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;" style="font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit;"> </strong></div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>B by</strong></div>
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<strong>C cy</strong></div>
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<strong>D dy</strong></div>
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<strong>and so forth</strong></div>
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<br /></div>
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<br /></div>
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Note that the <strong>falozim</strong> group of letters are in violation of the rule that morphemes must begin with a <strong>cuazim.</strong> Consequently, they must be preceded by a pause or glottal stop.</div>
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<br /></div>
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All the <strong>cwazim,</strong> on the other hand, have names in the form of the letter itself followed by<strong> et, </strong>so no pause is required, though it's usually there anyway.</div>
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<br /></div>
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They are also used to spell words, of course, but they are also used as pronouns, or anaphora, to refer back to previously used words, in this way.</div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>Djanzo pa gi kom pan. D pa falfa P. </strong>(Prounounced<strong> dy pa falfa pə.)</strong></div>
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John was eating bread. He dropped it.</div>
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<br /></div>
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They replace <strong>da</strong> for clarity. To avoid confusion, they are always written upper-case followed by a space, of course.</div>
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<br /></div>
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They are also used for acronyms:</div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>To hanho ze stan hu Hamerihaimzo. HSH </strong>Pronounced <strong>hə-sə-hə</strong></div>
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The United States of America. (USA)</div>
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<br /></div>
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<strong>Janzo Fitsjeraldzo Kenedizo. JFK </strong> Pronounced jet-fet-ket</div>
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<br /></div>
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And for foreign abbreviations, of course the <strong>falozim</strong> have to be used, too.</div>
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<br /></div>
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USA pronounced<strong> u-sy-a</strong></div>
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<br /></div>
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And to name the chemical elements, both the<strong> tcuazim</strong> and <strong>falozim</strong> forms have to be used, of course:</div>
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<br /></div>
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Fe pronounced fy-e, Ag pronounced a-gy, etc.</div>
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<br /></div>
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In mathematical expression, lower-case letter symbols are pronounced the same way:</div>
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<br /></div>
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a+b=c a plu by kwal cy</div>
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Finally, for situations where extreme clarity is called for, the military, or NATO, "phonetic" alphabet is used as is.</div>
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<br /></div>
<table _mce_style="width: 670px;" align="center" border="3" style="background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0px; border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: 'Segoe UI', 'Lucida Grande', Arial; font-size: 13px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; width: 670px;"><caption style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;"><big><strong>ICAO Phonetic Alphabet</strong></big></caption><tbody style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;"><strong>Letter</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;"><strong>Code Word</strong></th><th style="border: 1px solid rgb(187, 187, 187); font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;"><strong>Pronunciation</strong></th></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">A</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Alfa</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">AL fah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">B</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Bravo</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">BRAH voh</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">C</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Charlie</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">CHAR lee</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">D</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Delta</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">DEL tah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">E</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Echo</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">EKK oh</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">F</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Foxtrot</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">FOKS trot</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">G</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Golf</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Golf</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">H</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Hotel</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">HO tell</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">I</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">India</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">IN dee ah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">J</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Juliet</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">JEW lee ett</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">K</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Kilo</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">KEY loh</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">L</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Lima</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">LEE mah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">M</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Mike</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Mike</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">N</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">November</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">NOH vem ber</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">O</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Oscar</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">OSS car</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">P</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Papa</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">PAH pah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Q</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Quebec</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">keh BECK</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">R</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Romeo</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">ROW me oh</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">S</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Sierra</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">see AIR ah</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">T</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Tango</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">TANG go</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">U</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Uniform</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">YOU nee form</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">V</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Victor</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">VIK ter</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">W</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Whiskey</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">WISS key</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">X</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">X-ray</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">EKS ray</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Y</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Yankee</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">YANG kee</td></tr>
<tr style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Z</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">Zulu</td><td _mce_style="border: 0px;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-style: inherit; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 4px; vertical-align: top;">ZOO loo<span _mce_style="font-size: 13.333333015441895px; line-height: 1.2em;" style="border: 0px; font-family: inherit; font-size: 13.333333015441895px; font-style: inherit; line-height: 1.2em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"> </span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div style="background-color: white; border: 0px; color: #444444; font-family: 'Segoe UI', 'Lucida Grande', Arial; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.5em; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;">
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Now — whatever shall we do with "w"?</div>
Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-22338037538653633732017-05-18T12:28:00.002-07:002017-05-18T13:02:50.033-07:00Re-Loglanizing the Alphabet<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjzVuinPtGYEdNIQL0VgFk2RpyXQMxLknZo22obPaIcqvvaDKAd4rltYcd37T5OnSXDeNQyVTvUFEUz2zGi9IfP9GzZEJrE1dJiatdS2PapyjgQ6Z9grX1zJQaW7hkmbJe89ppKkVhwIKL/s1600/arrietty.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="171" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjzVuinPtGYEdNIQL0VgFk2RpyXQMxLknZo22obPaIcqvvaDKAd4rltYcd37T5OnSXDeNQyVTvUFEUz2zGi9IfP9GzZEJrE1dJiatdS2PapyjgQ6Z9grX1zJQaW7hkmbJe89ppKkVhwIKL/s320/arrietty.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
Going back to my original inspiration, how about I use the Loglan alphabet, slightly modified:<br />
<br />
b, d, f, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, z all as in English.<br />
<br />
c= /S/ as in SHe<br />
therefore tc = /tS/ as in CHeese<br />
g always as in Goat<br />
j = /Z/ as in meaSure<br />
therfore<br />
dj = /dZ/ as in John<br />
q = /N/ as in baNG<br />
<br />
So far that's the way I had it in Tjeqli version one. Now for some differences.<br />
<br />
Like Loglan, I and U become semivowels when next to other vowels, unless set off with a hyphen:<br />
<br />
pia = PYAH, pi-a = PEE-ah<br />
taulo = TOW-loh, ta-ulo = ta-OO-loh<br />
<br />
Anybody have a better idea than using the hyphen this way? I was going to use an apostrophe, but I want to reserve that to indicate stress when necessary.<br />
<br />
That leaves x, y, and w. X can be used as I said before as a letter modifier as in<br />
tx= /T/. w can be schwa. What can y do?<br />
------------<br />
Input has convinced me that y should = schwa, which leaves w as a free letter.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-26271616267245373502017-05-18T08:47:00.001-07:002017-05-18T08:48:07.256-07:00Dubya<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8cfuBkeQVVaYnVwak9EpyyUT6nKGNTRpXKYOrNz2ea16baYRyeiligwElmmvk7D01fMacVg1q6bPcTyd5jWh5prvimILVflKNvzQUPB58_UjgD4kWHXIzXYQ0y_mYFUOrnsVUDafTpCD3/s1600/denkigaisenseipounding.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8cfuBkeQVVaYnVwak9EpyyUT6nKGNTRpXKYOrNz2ea16baYRyeiligwElmmvk7D01fMacVg1q6bPcTyd5jWh5prvimILVflKNvzQUPB58_UjgD4kWHXIzXYQ0y_mYFUOrnsVUDafTpCD3/s320/denkigaisenseipounding.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
No, not <i>that</i> Dubya. I just had an epiphany, or something. Let's change that rule I mentioned in the last post, and say that both i and u become semivowels when next to a vowel. And if you don't want them to, use a hyphen to stop it from happening:<br />
<br />
bua - BWAH<br />
bu-a - BOO-ah<br />
<br />
Skia - SKYAH<br />
Ski-a SKEE-ah<br />
<br />
And that liberates both y and w for other uses. So let's use w for schwa. And j can indicate the palatalization of the consonant it follows:<br />
<br />
sj = /S/ Sji selz si sjelz bai dxw sisjor.<br />
tj = /tS/ (so the language would be Tjeqli.)<br />
zj = /Z/<br />
dj = /dZ/<br />
<br />
I know this is an alarming revision, but please don't react like Sensei does in the illustration.<br />
<br />
I'm going to go with the revisions in this and the last post unless somebody talks me out of it.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-77028872051448139442017-05-18T06:40:00.000-07:002017-05-18T07:20:17.073-07:00By George She's Got It, She's Really Got It!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg346MDBiGgzFDROhPMQZscDejeN6cBwMi37jKoYrPR7JWcpYUTSFRpch3QrlPdrwK7ptY98SAAlsTqpFC0dZMQsqRhZVadzZhvEnibj-cBk63buKJ80biKnZZyUVaCbRpLJQLKkyAlI54t/s1600/typingbluehair.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg346MDBiGgzFDROhPMQZscDejeN6cBwMi37jKoYrPR7JWcpYUTSFRpch3QrlPdrwK7ptY98SAAlsTqpFC0dZMQsqRhZVadzZhvEnibj-cBk63buKJ80biKnZZyUVaCbRpLJQLKkyAlI54t/s320/typingbluehair.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
A correspondent writes:<br />
<i>Rex, is there a compact list for pronounciation, first row the letter, second row the IPA character(s)? E.g. as at <a href="https://l.facebook.com/l.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DEsperanto_orthography%26oldid%3D775287683%23Sound_values&h=ATNC-SUnQ-p6AYWiWEmyzuMwqlop2XkWV5tBq-mOEOCy-uL5oOASfKeWOjYJoky8GNaSoAbIa1YqCn8xnlaMKrVR4IM1ok3zRDxX1v1BKv45vIoCXs2ALjjZ_SLrZLfcLsg6cVYVVTEm_7M">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php...</a></i><br />
<div>
<i><br /></i></div>
<div>
And he's right, I need to make one, for a number of reasons. But before I do, I have a question. There's the IPA, where you spell the "ch" sound that Tceqli begins with as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate" style="background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate">tʃ</a>. IPA has a bunch of characters like that stretched-out "s" that aren't readily available on your keyboard. I've seen that same sound spelled /tS/ between two slashes like that. I assume this is a system designed for people who can't, for whatever reason, make the offbeat symbols like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_palato-alveolar_affricate" style="background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate">ʃ</a>. Anybody know? And know what the system's called, and where I can find a link to it?</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Another question. How does this sound to everybody?:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
You can symbolize just about any sound you want with Tceqli's 26 letters — 25 letters that have one phoneme each associated with them, and then the X, which is used to modify the other letters, mainly for foreign sounds. </div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
tx = th as in THin</div>
<div>
hx = ch as in BaCH</div>
<div>
ux = ü as in Über</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
You also have the option of replacing letter-followed-by-x with any version of that letter with a diacritic of any kind:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
tx ><strike> t</strike></div>
<div>
hx > <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless_pharyngeal_fricative" style="background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 15.399999618530273px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important;" title="Voiceless pharyngeal fricative">ħ</a></div>
<div>
ux > ü (of course)</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
But that's sophisticated stuff for the future.<br />
<br />
And then we have schwa, which won't be a basic Tceqli sound, but which i figure will be in the names of most Tceqli lettersa; ah, buh, shuh, duh, etc.,, and of course in foreign words and names.<br />
<br />
The same correspondent writes:<br />
<br />
<i>In the Unified Latin Alphabet 2016 (ULA 2016) schwa is <y>. In IPA /y/ is a vowel and using <y> as vowel, allows easy pronounciation of international words like Yttrium. <br /><br />Letter <y> = IPA /j/ would then be <j> = /j/, i.e. less deviation from IPA. Beside in IPA this is used in several Germanic and Slavic languages languages. <br /><br />Then Tceqli would need something for /ʒ/. ULA 2016 uses <q>. <br /><br />Then Tceqli needs something for /ŋ/. Maybe use the modifier here, i.e. Tcenxli.</i></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
I really don't want to make all those changes, but y for schwa is tempting. But if y is used for that, it can't be used as the semivowel it represents in current Tceqli. For that I'd have to use j (and then represent /Z/ with a ʒ and /dZ/ with dʒ. Or just go to Russian and use ж. Or, I could replace semivowel y with a simple i, and change the rule so that i next to another vowel behaves as a semivowel.<br />
<br />
The trouble with this last is that you can't have a word like dia pronounced DEE-ah. It would be DYAH. One way around that would be to have the i-becomes-semivowel rule, but also have a way to short-circuit it by saying that a hyphen separates vowels and causes them to be pronounced separately. So dia would be DYAH and di-a would be DEE-ah.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Do give me your input on all of this.</div>
<div>
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Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-13266226878031421322017-05-14T19:28:00.001-07:002017-05-15T09:54:44.967-07:00That = Ke or maybe Cto<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkTthpgxgWRVdA1insIZ1-IDw5ayF5PajiD1VudFU0JbGrr71ufe3qOuqtwrvC0BugDoWgsm5dRU76eVP6u96ZPIHv6tBoyoyjao3I4NaheCfWIn82gFOnd8GILmT1R8LWCRFdtfsq-biS/s1600/Asuka+Shikinami+Langley+%255BNeon+Genesis+Evangelion%255D+-+Imgur.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkTthpgxgWRVdA1insIZ1-IDw5ayF5PajiD1VudFU0JbGrr71ufe3qOuqtwrvC0BugDoWgsm5dRU76eVP6u96ZPIHv6tBoyoyjao3I4NaheCfWIn82gFOnd8GILmT1R8LWCRFdtfsq-biS/s320/Asuka+Shikinami+Langley+%255BNeon+Genesis+Evangelion%255D+-+Imgur.png" width="320" /></a></div>
I originally borrowed <b>ke</b> from Esperanto and several other languages to introduce a noun clause. In Loglan, the corresponding "that" is simply <b>le</b> (the) followed by <b>po</b>, which makes the <b>le</b> refer to the entire noun clause. So I'm thinking to follow the Loglan example to some extent, and have<b> ke</b> replaced by a the-word. <br />
<br />
<br />
An ideal candidate would be the Russian <span class="Cyrl" lang="ru" style="color: #222222;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE#Russian" style="background-image: none; color: #0b0080; font-family: Helvetica, Geneva, 'Arial Unicode MS', 'Lucida Sans Unicode', Code2000, sans-serif; font-size: 13.300000190734863px; text-decoration: none;" title="что">что</a><span style="font-family: sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;">, </span></span>which would come into Tceqli as <b>cto</b>, pronounced like the Russian. It has the advantage of looking like it was deliberately derived from <b>to</b>. So<br />
<br />
<b>Go djan, ke zi pa kom to pan.</b><br />
I know, that you past eat the bread.<br />
I know you ate the bread.<br />
becomes<br />
<b>Go djan, cto zi pa kom to pan.</b><br />
I know, that you past eat the bread.<br />
I know you ate the bread.<br />
<br />
What do you all think?Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-84917272153231059552017-05-14T16:41:00.001-07:002017-05-14T17:53:36.680-07:00Revision<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO22m49lFxegxAimT09Aiu6Gvp7zEwf1TZ3Ly_4jKIKM3gw4eYVSIExC-Z2yyw-9EZXhdwhWriAiQPHHG-a2B4GesVyT345X2hTOlUvHrrxPdrcJDz6HJfBIyvL_wrzpbkQKxu_k9aKz51/s1600/winryrockbell.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO22m49lFxegxAimT09Aiu6Gvp7zEwf1TZ3Ly_4jKIKM3gw4eYVSIExC-Z2yyw-9EZXhdwhWriAiQPHHG-a2B4GesVyT345X2hTOlUvHrrxPdrcJDz6HJfBIyvL_wrzpbkQKxu_k9aKz51/s320/winryrockbell.jpg" width="247" /></a></div>
Latest revision: <b>Do</b> is now only the present tense particle, for it to mean 'when,' or 'at the time of,' it must be followed by '<b>sa</b>.' Analogously, the same goes for <b>pa</b> and <b>fu,</b> the past and future particles, that now mean before and after when followed by '<b>sa.'</b> Does anybody see any problems with this change? I could also use <b>ke</b> in place of <b>sa.</b>Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-34993644492715913082017-05-11T05:26:00.000-07:002017-05-11T05:26:12.323-07:00More Alphabet Blather<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1o6z7rDMttWBncxCy5KBIixaO1VrbYRMQU0WGd75uclqq3T6uhn9ZXX0RTgRn6T1p02ucW9_ZzgvjQ4wU0b0qnXfZdmgtmekZShEEsWbPFp1gR7FuR04TqkaM2uB61MIpIe2-Gwwcf_Ir/s1600/kirktrump.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="271" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1o6z7rDMttWBncxCy5KBIixaO1VrbYRMQU0WGd75uclqq3T6uhn9ZXX0RTgRn6T1p02ucW9_ZzgvjQ4wU0b0qnXfZdmgtmekZShEEsWbPFp1gR7FuR04TqkaM2uB61MIpIe2-Gwwcf_Ir/s320/kirktrump.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
I'm definitely eliminating c= /tS/ No way it isn't awkward. I can use either x or c for /S/. If I use c, as do Loglan and Lojban, I'll have x for use in modifying other letters to make foreign sounds. tx could be /T/ for example. The 26 letters just aren't enough to have special characters for both /dZ/ and /tS/. Depending on which way I go, the language will be either Txeqli or Tceqli. Your input is appreciated.<br />
<br />
And, don't read anything much into the illustrations I use here. I pick them more or less at random for amusement purposes.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-79158791644204649462017-05-08T16:04:00.002-07:002017-05-08T16:04:36.528-07:00Asymmetry in the Alphabet<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje4wRxbTHc4KsuehHfiU9hB1H6Cy9D-TKnU43ufeBQn2xZrfTiATbKkYN4FuPEbroYr8nXaucDbXSW2S8YTPNP8uat6LlXcARLamzUU_kFcJZ3Yh4cRkQBZAzqFozA32Cnw6lDtqblqKo4/s1600/shocked.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEje4wRxbTHc4KsuehHfiU9hB1H6Cy9D-TKnU43ufeBQn2xZrfTiATbKkYN4FuPEbroYr8nXaucDbXSW2S8YTPNP8uat6LlXcARLamzUU_kFcJZ3Yh4cRkQBZAzqFozA32Cnw6lDtqblqKo4/s400/shocked.png" width="400" /></a></div>
Ceqli has an alphabetical assymetry:<br />
<br />
x = /S/<br />
and<br />
c=/tS/<br />
but<br />
j= /Z/<br />
and<br />
dj= /dZ/<br />
<br />
Awkward. I want to eliminate c, reserving it for something else, and spell<br />
/tS/ as tx, to match dj.<br />
<br />
If I don't hear any good reasons not, I'll revise the material to reflect this soon. Don't let this shock you. Comment here, or on Facebook <a href="https://www.facebook.com/The-Ceqli-Language-249301371750083/">https://www.facebook.com/The-Ceqli-Language-249301371750083/</a>Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-42497900995347332142014-10-04T09:22:00.001-07:002014-10-04T09:22:31.750-07:00The Name Problem<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggf37unAyLN9eAfTD6xRdMckCtzidDb7Jiv4GbOQbaCI2SgwzMwhjBhzJFe1HpTTjM3QS8nH5o5xUnFufyYQGMV2O4jpPmUfGOfIppjYzmP5QsBg882XbTb1v5bZE7JV6y_6xPP0q4gO0Q/s1600/lh_01_1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEggf37unAyLN9eAfTD6xRdMckCtzidDb7Jiv4GbOQbaCI2SgwzMwhjBhzJFe1HpTTjM3QS8nH5o5xUnFufyYQGMV2O4jpPmUfGOfIppjYzmP5QsBg882XbTb1v5bZE7JV6y_6xPP0q4gO0Q/s1600/lh_01_1024.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
I think I just had a name epiphany. Names are a special POS in Ceqli, behaving like pronouns, so it's a good idea for them to have their own phonemic shape. For some time now, the rule has been that you can convert a morpheme to a name with the suffix -zo.<br />
<br />
Jan - know, to know<br />
Janzo - John<br />
<br />
And to make names more compact, I decided to allow the sort-of suffix -t to do the same thing:<br />
<br />
Janzo = Jant<br />
<br />
Bad idea. For one thing, it messes the phonetics up, requiring a big pause after the -t so as not to blend with any following sounds. For another, it doesn't fit well after q or m, and has to be come -et in such situations, making everything that much more complicated.<br />
<br />
Simplifed:<br />
<br />
The -zo ending works just fine, and can also accommodate long names with the be- reversal particle trick, thus.<br />
<br />
Da bekyam bezo Franklin Delano Rozevelt zo.<br />
<br />
Let's say that -zo, in most cases, can be replaced with -z.<br />
<br />
Jan - to know<br />
Janzo - John<br />
Janz - John<br />
<br />
All that is needed now is a rule that in the morpheme shape nCnF (one or more leading phonemes followed by one or more following phonemes), Z cannot be followed by another C. That means one of my favorite words, zban, has to be dropped. There will be no zb, zd, or zg combos. That means when you come to a -z, and the next sound is <i>not</i> a following phoneme, you have the end of a word with -z, and that word is a name.<br />
<br />
This also has the upside of resembling the Loglan use of -s in the same way, and also the English tendency to make nicknames from sort of a pseudo-plural, like "pickles" or "freckles." I figure that choosing between Janzo and Janz will be a matter of usage.<br />
<br />
To replace zban, I propose kel, from Gaelic. Kel = spouse, keli = wife, kelo = husband.<br />
<br />Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-28270519677306216332014-04-18T15:23:00.001-07:002014-04-18T15:23:53.121-07:00Elements<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSVErOK10o4ckT7Mx58yO5o21GgyouF9LegwnEKe6gd2vP9jQUi2J705P3l0alPxhAedMU8gw8MdWkHQgkjIQEv3vJRZ9dHT7DbDKYqmD6tyJTxbiiIq2JjQxyug8DocqEhJpkakxJZh3h/s1600/abraham+simpson.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSVErOK10o4ckT7Mx58yO5o21GgyouF9LegwnEKe6gd2vP9jQUi2J705P3l0alPxhAedMU8gw8MdWkHQgkjIQEv3vJRZ9dHT7DbDKYqmD6tyJTxbiiIq2JjQxyug8DocqEhJpkakxJZh3h/s1600/abraham+simpson.gif" height="261" width="320" /></a></div>
I'm trying to decide how to handle the elements of the periodic table. Should they have a characteristic ending? It would be systematic to do it that way, but there are elements, like gold, that would be sort of distorted that way. How about selecting a word that means "element," like "jen" (from the English ending in oxygen, etc., and then making compounds? As things stand, <b>kin,</b><i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i>from Japanese, means "gold". So maybe <b>kinjen</b><i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i>would mean "gold as an element." But many elements, if they're derived from other Ceqli words would have to be compounds. I want to preserve as far as possible the similarity of the symbols to the words, so I figure "helium" would be <b>helijen, </b>rather than <b>sunjen,</b> and as yet <b>heli</b> has no meaning in Ceqli. And I think that's okay. And in Ceqli, "California" is <b>kalifornet</b> (names have to end in -t) but it would drop the -t to make the element. And since it's not really all that useful to have the element name resemble the place name, I'm inclined to want to make it resemble its symbol, Cf, instead, and call it <b>californjen<i>. </i></b><br />
<b><i><br /></i></b>
So unless I'm talked out of it, I'm going to go with making the element names first of all suggest the symbols, unless the symbols don't begin with a <b>cwazim</b>, and in those cases I'll either put an h- in front, as in <b>heynsteynjen, </b>or just use a form, like <b>kinjen,</b> borrowed directly from one language or another. I was going to follow the pattern of German, and call hydrogen <b>panijen,</b><i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i> but I think it's more important to follow the symbol, so it will be <b>hidrojen.</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
Suggestions welcome.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-74638130136164752992014-04-15T18:53:00.003-07:002014-04-15T18:53:28.584-07:00Ceqli Through Pictures<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqPKboR38Z0HmrvBSC1PbnT_rpJn4qz1VxxOlsIf3TKtuT72iDaadTMYvhHEsjLnRdEd2NfpKLsM69WE4CAgh7aqBw3m-Qq0EsRVXKEaGCLDwJLZpuI4cgAFULRAvFzYlHPakTAVQTG3D/s1600/225.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqPKboR38Z0HmrvBSC1PbnT_rpJn4qz1VxxOlsIf3TKtuT72iDaadTMYvhHEsjLnRdEd2NfpKLsM69WE4CAgh7aqBw3m-Qq0EsRVXKEaGCLDwJLZpuI4cgAFULRAvFzYlHPakTAVQTG3D/s1600/225.jpeg" height="212" width="320" /></a></div>
Ceqli through pictures is revised:<br />
<a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/41974416/Ceqli%20through%20pictures#view=page" target="_blank">Click HERE.</a><br />
Comments, criticisms, suggestions, etc. welcomed.<br />
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Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-9682263883980505832014-04-13T18:46:00.003-07:002014-04-13T18:46:32.809-07:00Lesson 10 - Jin, Jini, jino, pe, ba, xi, jo<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEoAtEP3O1nb9HW9mvF6kFElatH4lRJzStB2N-cMxaFhpoWvLdgANetWJb64k1WeZYN25T_tIy1rTs0e-qCYlF9WzRRieftVX7vbuWFCLWtGfUlwcU7OXBRqJMTPsIdP-yxlA4nlyjARsw/s1600/17.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEoAtEP3O1nb9HW9mvF6kFElatH4lRJzStB2N-cMxaFhpoWvLdgANetWJb64k1WeZYN25T_tIy1rTs0e-qCYlF9WzRRieftVX7vbuWFCLWtGfUlwcU7OXBRqJMTPsIdP-yxlA4nlyjARsw/s1600/17.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<a href="http://new%20lesson%2010%20is%20up.%20it%20clarifies%20some%20grammar.%20it%27s%20here./" target="_blank">Lesson 10 is up HERE.</a> It clarifies some grammar, and differences between Ceqli and Loglan.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-5304535351029683602014-04-12T19:17:00.001-07:002014-04-12T19:19:08.036-07:00Names Reworked<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivil8gc1MSitzBo6kyKwk5FlxPob42J01lE1JZS2YSik_wMkpbAVqmBB4zOR4Z3UM7FDqc4FgBrh5JbwVVsblnqRQ-sZox_y3TuZu6TIG3Z-JzIJ7KTobMiYlL5PbiXs885ScGiCBjKkap/s1600/ketchup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivil8gc1MSitzBo6kyKwk5FlxPob42J01lE1JZS2YSik_wMkpbAVqmBB4zOR4Z3UM7FDqc4FgBrh5JbwVVsblnqRQ-sZox_y3TuZu6TIG3Z-JzIJ7KTobMiYlL5PbiXs885ScGiCBjKkap/s1600/ketchup.jpg" /></a>I believe I have the name problem solved. All names to end in -t. Plus a logical way to show what they are names <i>of </i>without overcomplicating things. Take a look <a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455973/Lesson%203#view=page" target="_blank">HERE.</a><br />
Comments and suggestions welcome.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-47560922883733021052014-04-06T21:42:00.002-07:002014-04-06T22:05:08.944-07:00Names<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLo-woalg0Av1XJUXYVYw1BwVvGaUTDrHLUZc4lDMO21yCmefoL6RxbfFlIBFGRPeqsCiugTbEYTymrjde1XnnH_FX7pKI8VFd6VdGHHfUSewYOvK3u_jBGFVDQcHb-lpi-VLF0AwBW7jt/s3200/51Y%252BJPVAQwL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLo-woalg0Av1XJUXYVYw1BwVvGaUTDrHLUZc4lDMO21yCmefoL6RxbfFlIBFGRPeqsCiugTbEYTymrjde1XnnH_FX7pKI8VFd6VdGHHfUSewYOvK3u_jBGFVDQcHb-lpi-VLF0AwBW7jt/s3200/51Y%252BJPVAQwL.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></div>
A quick thought about names. Currently, Ceqli names have the form of a Ceqli morpheme or compound, plus the suffix -zo. This gives clarity, but it makes all names one extra syllable long. Now, the Loglan rule was that all names end in a consonant followed by a pause, and that kept names short. I'm beginning to wonder about that possibility. As of now, before the -zo, all Ceqli names have a falozim —a vowel, semivowel, nasal, or R or L. How about this rule:<br />
<br />
All Ceqli names end in -t plus a pause, except when the preceding letter is q, in which case they end with -k, or when it's m, in which case the ending is -p.<br />
<br />
We'd have names like:<br />
<br />
Tomp Jefersont<br />
Heybrahamp Hlinkont<br />
Jant<br />
Samp<br />
Bilt<br />
Salit<br />
Jerit<br />
Biqk<br />
<br />
Or I could make it always -t, and when the preceding letter is q or m, make it -at. Those above would be<br />
Tomat<br />
Heybrahamat<br />
Samat<br />
Biqat<br />
<br />
An advantage to this system, either with t, k, p, or with t, -at, would be that a pause afterwards wouldn't be so crucial, as it's natural for an English speaker, at least, to make a clear disjuncture. I mean<br />
<br />
Jant sa<br />
doesn't sound much like<br />
Jan tsa<br />
at all because the latter is a pretty clear affricate, and the former has little tendency to become one.<br />
<br />
All that would work fine with people's names, but it gets trickier with, say, names of things. Say:<br />
<br />
Japant - Japan<br />
<br />
But what about Japanese language, Japanese person, etc? Is it ambiguous or problematical to say:<br />
<br />
Da Japantjin. He is Japanese.<br />
Da Japantbol. It is Japanese language.<br />
or<br />
Da Japanthaym. It is Japan.<br />
or<br />
Da Japant sa komxo. It is Japan's (Japanese) food.<br />
<br />
With those three endings it isn't, because of course a word can't begin or end with tj, tb, or th, so the morphology still self-segregates. And the sa seems to work okay when I pronounce it. That is, I clearly distinguish<br />
<br />
Japant sa<br />
Japan tsa<br />
<br />
At this point, I'm inclined to go with -t, -p, -k.<br />
<br />
For foreign names that remain in foreign form, like mine, Rex May, which doesn't fit Ceqli phonology at all, I can use the "article" ta, and to avoid ambiguity, close it with beta:<br />
<br />
Go bekyam ta Rex May beta. My name is Rex May. I could also Ceqli-fy it thus:<br />
<br />
Sreksat Smeyt<br />
<br />
or flat-out translate it, as it means "King fifth-month," as:<br />
<br />
Kiqot Fayzemxart<br />
<br />
Or, taking "may" as the verb meaning having permission, which is "kuna" from Swedish:<br />
<br />
Kiqot Kunat<br />
<br />
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Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-43730597241777657502014-04-06T12:56:00.002-07:002014-04-06T12:57:11.397-07:00More RevisionThe<a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455970/FrontPage" target="_blank"> Wiki</a><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cMtAhxOt9tPFi-k7UNK2VZ5AM9zLiGAfCRwVHn5ChjWbvyvnSBkTWuifOT9M5O9gHKU9-ELz_WNHzf5onpk0HcJ1yteFkw3nMYjiAtPVX0bQBjXCgGMm7X3iQr7sK8Y97J7gsVkMbh6r/s3200/otohime2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cMtAhxOt9tPFi-k7UNK2VZ5AM9zLiGAfCRwVHn5ChjWbvyvnSBkTWuifOT9M5O9gHKU9-ELz_WNHzf5onpk0HcJ1yteFkw3nMYjiAtPVX0bQBjXCgGMm7X3iQr7sK8Y97J7gsVkMbh6r/s3200/otohime2.jpg" height="232" width="320" /></a></div>
is up to date, and so are both glossaries there. Please point out any errors to <a href="mailto:rmay@mac.com">rmay@mac.com</a>Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-50635863977361784292014-04-05T16:08:00.000-07:002014-04-05T19:01:57.849-07:00Revision<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX4Bifa23pgeHZsuelvE4tN8VyAsAxZ5BqdJY7DrXBvCYeJh6yk8ZoBJVSbVstz1AHbv2ZJSN5vTRiDcywuT6fn4cN3GrmXO9OZ7O748meMNxIgvuR2Ozp6bsFYOx59jWc0okn9d9i-Eik/s3200/Shampoo.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgX4Bifa23pgeHZsuelvE4tN8VyAsAxZ5BqdJY7DrXBvCYeJh6yk8ZoBJVSbVstz1AHbv2ZJSN5vTRiDcywuT6fn4cN3GrmXO9OZ7O748meMNxIgvuR2Ozp6bsFYOx59jWc0okn9d9i-Eik/s3200/Shampoo.gif" height="252" width="320" /></a></div>
I'm in the process of revising the <a href="http://ceqliwiki./">CeqliWiki.</a> I've reverted a few things back to the original form, clarified the alphabet and pronunciation and given the letters names. I've abandoned the Loglan notion of retaining CV for grammar words and making everything else a content word. It's simply too restricting and some words, like numerals and other mathematical terms, don't fall clearly in either classification.<br />
<br />
My next step is to prepare a dictionary, and then I'll revise Ceqli through Pictures.<br />
<br />
P.S. I have a good start on the <a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455969/Ceqli-English%20Glossary" target="_blank">Ceqli-English glossary.</a>Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-39274008151791095602014-04-02T18:58:00.001-07:002014-04-02T18:58:16.558-07:00Phonology Change?<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgdRMufVOHKbYKm6XrcNMP6yplVvbog32MmLe6FQ3osJex5MZXsIHVYut-itN9cL8wZn_WVjFzXwdQDsQleM8r3kFCOPh3Ed6eREG6NkX1Ithusqcx8FNz5S4G6OsavD-Nsu5ZXlacqE4G/s1600/54.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgdRMufVOHKbYKm6XrcNMP6yplVvbog32MmLe6FQ3osJex5MZXsIHVYut-itN9cL8wZn_WVjFzXwdQDsQleM8r3kFCOPh3Ed6eREG6NkX1Ithusqcx8FNz5S4G6OsavD-Nsu5ZXlacqE4G/s1600/54.jpg" height="320" width="264" /></a></div>
I just had the darnedest idea for extending the Ceqli phonology. I've been bothered for awhile that there's no zh sound (as in 'treaSure') in it, though there's a j and both a x and a c for the sounds in SHoe and CHew. Symmetry demands something better. I could set j to stand for zh, and then indicate the former j sound with dj. But if I did that, symmetry demands that I drop c and use tx to make that sound. Then I'd have an extra letter, c, that would be good for nothing. So then I thought of, not adding accented letters, which are a nightmare, but using double letters. Since double letters simply can't occur in Ceqli as it is, double letters could be regarded as letters all by themselves, opening up lots of new phonemes — not that I'd use them all in Ceqli, but they'd be handy for ZH, and also for transcribing foreign words, especially names.<br />
<br />
So let's say zz = the sound in treaSure<br />
Then tt = TH as in THin<br />
dd = THere<br />
ff = Japanese bilabial F<br />
vv = Spanish bilabial B<br />
<br />
You see where I'm going.<br />
<br />
Also, vowels could double, and<br />
aa = cAt<br />
ee = bUt<br />
ii = thIs<br />
oo = German ö<br />
uu = German ü<br />
<br />
Again, the only thing I'd regularly use would be zz. I'd especially like to replace ja je ji jo ju with zza, etc.<br />
<br />
Any reactions?Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-37910818550146194802013-06-01T07:23:00.001-07:002013-06-01T07:23:21.752-07:00Some Feedback.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKWsaoZxh_rksigVc-LbCDBHXI84Gb5m4hcQqqWtERksRiJO6C5xKNhdOj2HBtegfqGJIhCVtCsnESfEfVBsZ3R0eGmqM8L-VQQn-bHE7RrhiV6tTwi7ATJtBL9eTqfa1ELAagaZe08rOp/s1600/800px-Stacy's_Cousins.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKWsaoZxh_rksigVc-LbCDBHXI84Gb5m4hcQqqWtERksRiJO6C5xKNhdOj2HBtegfqGJIhCVtCsnESfEfVBsZ3R0eGmqM8L-VQQn-bHE7RrhiV6tTwi7ATJtBL9eTqfa1ELAagaZe08rOp/s400/800px-Stacy's_Cousins.JPG" width="400" /></a></div>
From "Argle Bargle"<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="p1">
I'm assuming you'd like feedback on the lessons. I found a few errors in the first few lessons.</div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455972/Lesson%202">http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455972/Lesson%202</a></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<ul class="ul1">
<li class="li1">...There's a remote danger that <span class="s1">fawl pina</span> will be heard as fawlbwa which might mean ...</li>
</ul>
<div class="p1">
I think you meant "fawl bwa"</div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>[Fixed]</i></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p3">
<span class="s1"><a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455973/Lesson%203">http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/5455973/Lesson%203</a></span></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<ul class="ul1">
<li class="li1">Names behave in the same grammatical way that pronouns do, except that when haym or bol, etc. is compounded to the end of a zo name, the whole thing becomes a name, and that behaves like a pronoun.</li>
</ul>
<div class="p1">
Did you mean to put it that way? Summary: "names behave like pronouns, except for [condition] where they behave like pronouns."</div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>[fixed - subbed "and" for "except for".]</i></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
Regarding the words "je, ja, ji and jo", I can't tell if it's an omission on the page or an omission in the language, but where is "or" in the sense of most western languages? "this or that, but not both." (In computer programming terms, "ja" would be "inclusive or," but most natural languages use an "exclusive or.")</div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>[this is amazingly confusing. I think you'd make it out of "ji," meaning "if and only if." Thus:</i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>Zi fey bwa biru ji vin. You can drink beer if and only if you drink wine.</i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>Zi fey bwa biru jibu vin. You can drink beer if and only if you DON'T drink wine.</i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>Logically, I think this is equivalent to:</i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>You can drink beer or wine, but not both.</i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>Let me know if I'm wrong.]</i></div>
<div class="p2">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
One broad suggestion for the lessons: define the predicates before giving examples. For example, this confused me at first:</div>
<ul class="ul1">
<li class="li1">dasa pasa zbano. or dasa pazbano. Her ex-husband.</li>
</ul>
<div class="p1">
"sa" hadn't been introduced yet, nor treating "da" as "her." (Though, with things changing as they have been around the world, it could be seen as ambiguous since it could also be "<i>his </i>ex-husband.") The "padey, doydey, fuday" example is good, but for completeness, it would have been nice to see "dey = day" preceding it.</div>
<div class="p1">
<br /></div>
<div class="p1">
<i>[I'll fix this ASAP]</i></div>
Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-74128552168111425732013-04-23T12:27:00.001-07:002013-04-23T12:27:53.304-07:00Wikipedia Article<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij8GGLxZBEhnvU0By_WghiKwYbZJRp_zSQBaBitj2YF6ZjBckkEu89TTvx6s1tS7M_98pI_G0npEf2HIpZQSIzgB3fhCcVa3i_AIeWxIm7r-8f8z7gBwzaAWMo8WkBzAYLNq7jFxb99HFQ/s1600/mourirankarate.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij8GGLxZBEhnvU0By_WghiKwYbZJRp_zSQBaBitj2YF6ZjBckkEu89TTvx6s1tS7M_98pI_G0npEf2HIpZQSIzgB3fhCcVa3i_AIeWxIm7r-8f8z7gBwzaAWMo8WkBzAYLNq7jFxb99HFQ/s1600/mourirankarate.jpeg" /></a></div>
I just noticed that somebody wrote a Ceqli article for Wikipedia. It was about Ceqli as it was many years ago, so I just updated it. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceqli" target="_blank"> It's HERE. </a> Let me know if you see any errors or have suggestions for improvement.Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-68372775228134610352013-04-06T11:17:00.001-07:002013-04-06T11:17:39.333-07:00Causation<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2AuvG0j8_fvn24Fi6l_eT3lj8LTtWj9rq-Eq06m-Xip2H37ha0PKVXbJeEwH87iRKQKe6kJtBweCMl9tjpIBec4ZhgGH0SYii0zWQu6SnZ2RUPu4gWNnCw6enRoovj_L4HhgGewJO2pat/s1600/squidgirl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2AuvG0j8_fvn24Fi6l_eT3lj8LTtWj9rq-Eq06m-Xip2H37ha0PKVXbJeEwH87iRKQKe6kJtBweCMl9tjpIBec4ZhgGH0SYii0zWQu6SnZ2RUPu4gWNnCw6enRoovj_L4HhgGewJO2pat/s400/squidgirl.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
I've been worrying about "therefore" and "because." Here's a thought. Let "<b>kaw</b>" mean "cause," and "<b>kwa</b>" mean "be caused by."<div>
<b>Go kaw ke zi dorm. </b> I cause you to sleep.</div>
<div>
<b>Ke Go dorm kwa zi</b>. My sleeping is caused by you.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Now, suppose we let these words act as prefixes for <b>je</b>, "and."</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Go pa don pan ko zi, kawje zi pa kom.</b></div>
<div>
I gave bread to you, therefore (cause-and) you ate.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Go pa kom, kwaje zi pa don pan ko go.</b></div>
<div>
I ate because (is-caused-by-and) you gave bread to me.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Then, if that all makes sense, we can use words like <b>hum,</b><i style="font-weight: bold;"> </i>"logic," to form more specific becauses:</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Go pa kom to pan, humkawje zi bu fey kom to pan.</b></div>
<div>
I ate the bread, therefore (logically-cause-and) you can't eat the bread.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Or <b>teyqi,</b> "definition" from Japanese.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<b>Da fimsa jin, teyqikawje da jini.</b></div>
<div>
It is a female person, therefore (definition-cause-and) it is a woman.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Other because/therefore pairs could be made with words meaning "motivation," "process," "justify," etc.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
Your thoughts? Thanks to Gleki Arxokuna for help in formulating this so far.</div>
<div>
<br /></div>
<div>
<br /></div>
Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-37187979947242363272013-03-22T10:39:00.000-07:002013-03-22T10:40:29.686-07:00Glossary<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF2YiaYMz7i9Z6Jn3eH0_qIMcT7xthRES8cDDVFe2-Gj8NZetSX2EQISyucS0aIUTnjz1t35Syp-owA5WXaX7OcxAHab5CWErUpdvi3VgfwJxUbHzuozZy4_cVIGT3dN7vrajinQWL-gaT/s1600/baseball.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhF2YiaYMz7i9Z6Jn3eH0_qIMcT7xthRES8cDDVFe2-Gj8NZetSX2EQISyucS0aIUTnjz1t35Syp-owA5WXaX7OcxAHab5CWErUpdvi3VgfwJxUbHzuozZy4_cVIGT3dN7vrajinQWL-gaT/s400/baseball.jpg" width="317" /></a></div>
Okay, I've gone through the letter A in the<a href="http://loglan.org/" target="_blank"> Loglan dictionary HERE</a>, and made words for everything except some of the ultra-specialized scientific terms that, at some point, people who know more about such terminology will have to make. I'm thinking that for some of them, like the whole Linnaeus terminology, it will be better to have a "into Latin" prefix, because, after all, everybody much uses the Latin terminology, right? Again, comments, criticisms, corrections, please! Oh, the glossary so far is<a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/42067674/Ceqli-Glossary" target="_blank"> HERE.</a>Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-52518651485289241382013-03-21T07:49:00.002-07:002013-03-21T07:49:48.024-07:00Random remarks<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWyCRa3Ajfc3o1_5qGN85RdnQBm2zegdmPU75jZQsNcJboK2fTtwEXcHJY6w4WuFioKLqbnOR36SDmfDyUr_I3RY-u6eJsInvh0IZ9ffQ_hqvtQ3Hy8aYqjXIrL2g3-hvkdBYnQdrSFZBH/s1600/testtaking.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWyCRa3Ajfc3o1_5qGN85RdnQBm2zegdmPU75jZQsNcJboK2fTtwEXcHJY6w4WuFioKLqbnOR36SDmfDyUr_I3RY-u6eJsInvh0IZ9ffQ_hqvtQ3Hy8aYqjXIrL2g3-hvkdBYnQdrSFZBH/s400/testtaking.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div>
I'm about ready to go through the Loglan-English dictionary from <a href="http://loglan.org/" target="_blank">HERE</a>, and essentially relex most of it. Since Ceqli is limited to 70 CV's, or grammar words (14 consonants x 5 full vowels), it just struck me that I can arrange for a very copious set to hold in reserve by the simple expedient of having five "shift key" CV's, thus. the words va, ve, vi, vo, and vu operate as shifts. "Si" is a grammar word, and so are siva, sive, sivi, sivo, and sivu. Hence we have 65 regular CV's, plus 5x65 (325) potential grammar words in the shape CVvC, or 390 grammar words.<br />
<br />
And, as you know, Ceqli stress falls on the first syllable, in morphemes and compound words. This leads to something annoying when the augmentive and diminutive gra and pyu are used in the manner of Esperanto -eg and -et. We have:<br />
<br />
dom - house<br />
gradom - mansion<br />
<br />
Esthetically, I somehow want the head root to be stressed. Am I right, and if I am, would it be rational to redefine gra as "is a augmented version of" and pyu as "is a diminished version of," and consider them the head words:<br />
<br />
domgra, pronounce DOMgra.<br />
<br />
Or is there any real difference? Like, what's the difference between "human giant" and "giant human"?<br />
<br />
Or am I just blinded by the fact that such affixes are suffixes in European languages that I'm most familiar with?<br />
<br />
Another thing. I'm considering importing Loglan po, pu, and zo into Ceqli for use in the same manner. Any good Loglanists/Lojbanists out there want to advise me on that? Since I have the principle of <i>terse</i> Ceqli I originally thought that I should replace po with an abstracting suffix, but now I think that's a needless complication, and I can have:<br />
<br />
To jino The man<br />
To po jino The state of being a man, manhood<br />
<br />
And for terse Ceqli, when we want to dispense with articles, etc. we can let the po serve as is or oodge in to become a prefix of sorts.<br />
<br />
Pojino zwar. It's hard to be a man.<br />
<br />
And the expanded, precise Ceqli would be<br />
<br />
To po jino, da zwar.<br />
<br />
This actually works better, and also makes it resemble the original Loglan more.<br />
<br />
One more borrowing from Loglan: I want all CV's to be able to take an -r to become predicates. This could even work with that po above. po jino = porjino. Does that make sense? Again, comment here or email me at <a href="mailto:rmay@mac.com">rmay@mac.com</a><br />
<br />Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4352465546225864162.post-81267607089908356792013-03-18T14:20:00.002-07:002013-03-18T14:20:56.911-07:00Dictionary revised thru F<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwxnwuP6xCk5HN8T2d7pDDqVhPudZ88XDbcHyZ1814jLV81ep92U3rL67I1aJEBnHIoG-OFS6qaYlxv68TAQxT-xR2tuLFwpRAGhBpBbDpeDUYTYPuEJLIxKCbOSnyFESWTvUieWC2-F8V/s1600/turtlelovehina.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwxnwuP6xCk5HN8T2d7pDDqVhPudZ88XDbcHyZ1814jLV81ep92U3rL67I1aJEBnHIoG-OFS6qaYlxv68TAQxT-xR2tuLFwpRAGhBpBbDpeDUYTYPuEJLIxKCbOSnyFESWTvUieWC2-F8V/s400/turtlelovehina.jpeg" width="317" /></a></div>
<br />
At this point I've gone through and revised all my old Ceqli glossaries through the letter F, and the result is here<br />
<a href="http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/42067674/Ceqli-Glossary">http://ceqli.pbworks.com/w/page/42067674/Ceqli-Glossary</a><br />
Do check it out, and let me know if there are any mistakes, typos, logical errors, etc. Either comment here, or email me at <a href="mailto:rmay@mac.com">rmay@mac.com</a>. Any suggestions are welcome.<br />
<br />
One oddity. I was trying to make a word for afternoon. Well, noon is diacen (day middle), and fu is after, so fudiacen should work. However, fudia means tomorrow, so fudiacen could mean the middle of tomorrow, or just afternoon. I copped out and borrowed a Mandarin word for afternoon. Am I asking too much of fu (and do and pa)?<br />
<br />Baloohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/08245765878554696634noreply@blogger.com0